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I think there are two problems with your comparison.

First, I think your depreciation number is way high. For the sake of comparison, I did a Kelley Blue Book search at www.kbb.com, on a car that I would consider typical of a commuter car at the end of its useful life -- a 1996 Honda Accord, in good condition, in a private sale. I compared two cars, one with 48,000 miles, the other with 104,000 miles -- the only difference is that one was driven an extra seven thousand miles a year over its eight year lifespan. The one with 48,000 miles is worth $4,300 and the one with 104,000 miles is $3,475 -- a difference of $825, or slightly under 1.5 cents/mile. I believe that this plus the cost of maintenance, tires, gas and oil is the true marginal cost of operating the vehicle. I'll accept the maintenance number, which brings us to around 13.6c/mile.

Second, even though your list of bicycle expenses is extensive, and is already up to 24c/mile, I still think you are underestimating the cost of commuting, especially everyday commuting in all weather. From my own experience as a 4,000 mile/year commuter, here is the rough lifespan of certain components:
Tires: 3,000 miles
Chain: 2,000 miles
cassette: 2,000 miles
pedals: 5,000 miles
Brake pads (rim): 400 miles
Brake pads (disc): 2000 miles
Headset: 4000 miles

I break spokes several times a year and probably trash a wheel about once a year.

A $600 bike is actually pretty cheap, and it's unlikely you'd make it through a 7000-mile year with the same wheels and crankset it came with.

If you're going every day, you'll need more than one pair of socks, shoes, shorts, pants, jersey, etc.

To get car-like reliability -- just get in and go, every day of the year -- you're going to need more than one bike.

The topic of expenses is endlessly debated in the commuting forum at www.bikeforums.net. The general pattern is that the longer you have been commuting, the more you are aware of the costs.

As a follow-on, I'll add that the low marginal cost of operating an automobile is a serious public policy problem. Once someone has made the decision to commute by car, the incremental cost on an individual basis of driving an extra ten miles a day or so is negligible relative to the fixed costs. However, on an aggregate basis those extra miles create a serious problem in extra pollution and congestion.

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